Computer System: Ek aisa electronic device jo data (Input) leta hai, usse process karta
hai (CPU), aur information (Output) deta hai.
Computer ke 4 main components hote hain (Von Neumann Architecture):
Input Unit: Data enter karne ke liye (Keyboard, Mouse).
CPU (Central Processing Unit): "Brain of Computer". Iske parts hain:
- ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Math aur Logic calculations.
- CU (Control Unit): Data flow control karta hai.
- Registers: High-speed memory inside CPU.
Memory Unit: Data store karne ke liye (RAM, ROM, HDD).
Output Unit: Result dikhane ke liye (Monitor, Printer).
2. Boolean Logic (Logic Gates)
Computers sirf 0 aur 1 (Binary) samajhte hain. Logic Gates wo circuits hain jo in signals par decisions
lete hain.
Gate Name
Symbol
Action
Truth Table Example
AND
. (Dot)
Dono Input 1 hone chahiye Output 1 ke liye.
1 AND 1 = 1
OR
+ (Plus)
Koi ek Input 1 ho toh Output 1 hoga.
1 OR 0 = 1
NOT
' (Bar)
Input ko ulat deta hai (Inverter).
NOT 1 = 0
3. Number Systems
• Binary: Base 2 (0, 1) -
Machine Language
• Octal: Base 8 (0-7)
• Decimal: Base 10 (0-9) - Human
readable
• Hexadecimal: Base 16 (0-9,
A-F) - Memory Addressing
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Quiz Time!
Q1. Which unit is called the Brain of the Computer?